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Biochemistry of plant secondary metabolites and their effects in animals

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 March 2007

T. Acamovic  and
J. D. Brooker
T. Acamovic*
Affiliation:
Avian Science Research Centre, Animal Health Group, Scottish Agricultural College, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, and, Avian Science Research Centre, Animal Health Group, Scottish Agricultural College, Ayr KA6 5HW, UK
J. D. Brooker
Affiliation:
Avian Science Research Centre, Animal Health Group, Scottish Agricultural College, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, and, Avian Science Research Centre, Animal Health Group, Scottish Agricultural College, Ayr KA6 5HW, UK
*
†Corresponding author: Dr T. Acamovic, fax +44 1292 525 098, thomas.acamovic@sac.ac.uk
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Abstract

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Plant secondary metabolites, which include a wide variety of phytochemicals, have always been constituents of the diets of man and other animals. Although a high proportion of these phytochemicals have been considered to be of little value in plants (although this view is changing), they have frequently been shown to have adverse effects on animals when ingested. The effects depend to a great extent on the chemistry of the compounds, their concentration in the diet and the amount consumed, and are further dependent on the health status of the animals. Traditionally, most studies of the effects of these compounds on animals have focused on their adverse effects and how to alleviate them. However, recent public concern about the use of synthetic compounds in animal diets to enhance performance and health and welfare issues, coupled with changes in regulations on the use of synthetic medicaments, has stimulated interest and research in the use and effects of phytochemicals in the diets of farmed animals. Phytochemicals vary in their chemistry but can be divided into hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds, of which a wide variety of polyphenolic and terpenoid compounds, as well as alkaloids, carbohydrates and non-protein amino acids, invoke special interest. The chemistry, biochemistry and mechanisms of action of these compounds in plants and their effects in animals when ingested will be explored.

Keywords

PhytochemicalsEffects in animals
Type
Symposium on ‘Plants as animal foods: a case of catch 22?’
Information
Proceedings of the Nutrition Society , Volume 64 , Issue 3 , August 2005 , pp. 403 - 412
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2005

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