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Caries risk assessment in pregnant women using cariogram

Dolić Olivera (University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Obradović Marija (University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Kojić Željka (University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Sukara Slava (University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina)

Introduction/Objective. “Cariogram” takes into account interactions between caries-related factors and expresses a graphic assessment of the caries risk. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between caries risk and different variables of Cariogram in pregnant women. Methods. This study included 96 pregnant women. At baseline, data on general health, diet, oral hygiene, and fluoride exposure were obtained. DMFT (decayed, missing, and filled teeth) index was calculated by clinical examination. Saliva analyses included mutans streptococci and lactobacilli counts, buffer capacity, and secretion rate. Scores were entered and caries risk was assessed. The women were divided into five groups according to their Cariogram caries risk. Results. The results of the study showed that 29.17% (28) of the pregnant women had high caries risk, 21.88% (21) – medium, 17.71% (17) – low, 16.67% (16) – very high, and 14.58% (14) – very low caries risk. In an average caries risk profile of pregnant women, the dominant sector was “Bacteria” (18.85% of the risk structure profile), followed by “Diet” (17.97%), “Circumstances” (15.68%), and “Susceptibility” sector (14.65%). Conclusion. Cariogram shows that pregnant women in Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina, had 46.14% chance of avoiding caries in the future. The Cariogram model can successfully determine caries risk profiles for pregnant women.

Keywords: Cariogram, caries risk assessment, mutans streptococci, pregnant women