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Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 2016 Volume 144, Issue 1-2, Pages: 81-84
https://doi.org/10.2298/SARH1602081Z
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A case of essential thrombocythemia and ankylosing spondylitis treated with a combination of anagrelide, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, and etanercept

Zeremski Vanja (University Hospital Magdeburg, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Magdeburg, Germany)
Savić Aleksandar ORCID iD icon (Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Clinic of Hematology, Novi Sad + Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad)
Ilić Tatjana (Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad + Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Clinic of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, Novi Sad)
Milošević Ivana ORCID iD icon (Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Clinic of Hematology, Novi Sad + Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad)
Maksimović Marina (Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad + Special Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Novi Sad)
Vučković Biljana (Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad + Center for Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad)

Introduction. A high platelet count, or thrombocytosis, is either a reactive process or a result of a myeloproliferative disorder. Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease affecting the spine and sometimes peripheral joints in which reactive mild to moderate thrombocytosis is a common finding. There have been no previously reported cases of essential thrombocythemia associated with ankylosing spondylitis. Case Outline. We report a case of a 32-year-old man with human leukocyte antigen B27-positive ankylosing spondylitis and Janus kinase 2-positive essential thrombocythemia who was treated first with a combination of anagrelide and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and, after liver toxicity, with a combination of anagrelide and etanercept (TNF-α antagonist). Both diseases were gradually brought under control. Conclusion. Our case of ankylosing spondylitis and essential thrombocythemia suggests that concomitant etanercept and anagrelide therapy is safe, as well as effective.

Keywords: essential thrombocythemia, ankylosing spondylitis, antirheumatic agents