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Ameloblastic fibroma: A rare case report with 7-year follow-up

de Araújo Melo Leonardo (Federal University of Bahia, School of Dentistry, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil)
Barros Adna Conceição (Federal University of Bahia, School of Dentistry, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil)
de Cássia Santana Sardinha Sandra (Federal University of Bahia, School of Dentistry, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil)
Cerqueira Arlei (Federal University of Bahia, School of Dentistry, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil)
Nunes Dos Santos Jean (Federal University of Bahia, School of Dentistry, Laboratory of Oral Surgical Pathology, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil)

Introduction. Ameloblastic fibroma (AF) is a rare benign odontogenic tumor that usually occurs in the first two decades of life. It affects adolescents and young adults and is found in the mandible and with a higher frequency in the posterior region of this segment. There are rare case reports with a long-term follow-up. Case Outline. We report the case of a 6-year-old boy with extensive ameloblastic fibroma in the mandible. Treatment consisted of enucleation and bone curettage, with the preservation of permanent teeth adjacent to the tumor. Clinical and radiographic follow-up of the patient over a period of 7 years showed no signs of recurrence or malignant transformation. Conclusion. Patients with AF should be under follow-up for prolonged periods of time, even in cases exhibiting a low proliferation index, because of the potential for recurrence and malignant transformation of this tumor.

Keywords: ameloblastic fibroma, odontogenic tumors, jaws, follow-up