doiSerbia

Occupational exposures to blood and body fluids among health care workers at university hospitals

Marković-Denić Ljiljana (Medicinski fakultet, Institut za epidemiologiju, Beograd)
Branković Miloš (Medicinski fakultet, Institut za epidemiologiju, Beograd)
Maksimović Nataša (Medicinski fakultet, Institut za epidemiologiju, Beograd)
Jovanović Bojan (Klinički centar Srbije, Centar za anesteziju, Beograd)
Petrović Ivana (Kliničko-bolnički centar „Zemun“, Odeljenje otorinolaringologije i maksilofacijalne hirurgije, Beograd)
Simić Marko (Klinički centar Srbije, Klinika za ortopedsku hirurgiju i traumatologiju, Beograd)
Lešić Aleksandar (Klinički centar Srbije, Klinika za ortopedsku hirurgiju i traumatologiju, Beograd + Medicinski fakultet, Beograd)

Introduction. Occupational exposure to blood and body fluids is a serious concern of health care workers and presents a major risk of transmission of infections such as human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Objective. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and circumstances of occupational blood and body fluid exposures among health care workers. Methods. Cross-sectional study was conducted in three university hospitals in Belgrade. Anonymous questionnaire was used containing data about demographic characteristics, self-reported blood and body fluid exposures and circumstances of percutaneous injuries. Results. Questionnaire was filled in and returned by 216 health care workers (78.2% of nurses and 21.8% of doctors). 60.6% of participants-health care workers had sustained at least one needlestick injury during their professional practice; 25.9% of them in the last 12 months. Of occupational groups, nurses had higher risk to experience needlestick injuries than doctors (p=0.05). The majority of the exposures occurred in the operating theatre (p=0.001). Among factors contributing to the occurrence of needlestick injuries, recapping needles (p=0.003) and decontamination/cleaning instruments after surgery (p=0.001) were more frequent among nurses, while use of a needle before intervention was common among doctors (p=0.004). Only 41.2% of health care workers had reported their injuries to a supervisor in order to obtain medical attention. 50.2% of health care workers were vaccinated with three doses of hepatitis B vaccine. Conclusion. There is a high rate of needlestick injuries in the daily hospital routine. Implementation of safety devices would lead to improvement in health and safety of medical staff.

Keywords: occupational exposure, health care workers, blood, body fluids

Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 175046 i br. 175095