Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 2012 Volume 140, Issue 1-2, Pages: 22-28
https://doi.org/10.2298/SARH1202022S
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Scanning electron microscopic examination of enamel surface after fixed orthodontic treatment: In-vivo study
Sessa Tijana (Klinika za ortodonciju, Stomatološki fakultet, Beograd)
Čivović Jelena (Klinika za ortodonciju, Stomatološki fakultet, Beograd)
Pajević Tina (Klinika za ortodonciju, Stomatološki fakultet, Beograd)
Juloski Jovana (Klinika za ortodonciju, Stomatološki fakultet, Beograd)
Beloica Miloš (Klinika za dečju i preventivnu stomatologiju, Stomatološki fakultet, Beograd)
Pavlović Vladimir (Odsek za matematiku i fiziku, Poljoprivredni fakultet, Beograd)
Glišić Branislav (Klinika za ortodonciju, Stomatološki fakultet, Beograd)
Introduction. Therapy with fixed orthodontic appliances starts with bracket
bonding and ends with debonding of brackets, leaving enamel surface varied.
Objective. The aim of this pilot study was to examine enamel surface before
and after debonding of orthodontic brackets by the use of scanning electron
microscopy (SEM). Methods. Epoxy replicas of four patients’ premolars
indicated for therapy with fixed orthodontic appliances were made and
brackets were bonded to their teeth with a different adhesives (Enlight,
No-mix, Fuji Ortho LC and Heliosit Orthodontic) (n=4). Two months later,
brackets on premolars were debonded and amounts of adhesive left on the tooth
surfaces and the bracket bases were evaluated with the adhesive remnant index
(ARI). After resin removal, epoxy replicas were made and the surface of
premolars was evaluated with the enamel surface index (ESI). All replicas of
premolars (n=32) were prepared for SEM examination and compared under
different magnifications. Tooth damage was estimated based on correlation
between ARItooth and ESI. Results. Pearson’s χ2 test showed no significant
differences between ARItooth and ARIbracket of four materials used.
Nonparametric correlations showed significant differences between ARItooth
and ARIbracket, ESI and ARItooth, and between ESI and ARIbracket. Increasing
of ARItooth is followed with the descent of ARIbracket and the ascent of ESI.
Multivariate regression analysis showed a significant correlation between ESI
and ARItooth. Conclusion. Most bond failures took place at enamel-adhesive
interface. ARItooth was a predictor to enamel surface damage. The type of
material did not affect enamel surface damage.
Keywords: adhesives, bracket debonding, materials testing, scanning electron microscopy (SEM)