Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 2011 Volume 139, Issue 1-2, Pages: 103-106
https://doi.org/10.2298/SARH1102103I
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Oral manifestations of acute leukaemia
Ivanović Mirjana (Klinika za dečju i preventivnu stomatologiju, Stomatološki fakultet, Beograd)
Jovičić Olivera (Klinika za dečju i preventivnu stomatologiju, Stomatološki fakultet, Beograd)
Mandić Jelena (Klinika za dečju i preventivnu stomatologiju, Stomatološki fakultet, Beograd)
Bogetić Duško (Clinica Odontoiatrica, Università degli Studi di Milano - Bicocca, Monca, Italija)
Maddalone Marcello (Clinica Odontoiatrica, Università degli Studi di Milano - Bicocca, Monca, Italija)
Acute leukaemia is the most common form of chilhood cancer. The aim of this
paper was to underline the importance of oral manifestations in children with
acute leukaemia. The disease and its treatment can directly or indirectly
affect oral health. Oral manifestations are gingival inflammation and
enlargement. Leukaemic cells are capable of infiltrating the gingiva and the
deeper periodontal tissues which leads to ulceration and infection of oral
tissues. Gingival bleeding is a common sign in patients with leukaemia.
Symptoms include local lymphadenopathy, mucous membrane Petechiae and
ecchymoses. Cytotoxic drugs have direct effects like mucositis, involving
atrophy, desquamation and ulceration of the mucosa, with increasing the risk
for local and systemic infections. Leukaemia can directly influence dental
care and dental treatment, while oral lesions may have life-threatening
consequences. Knowledge and skills among dentists may also not be adequate to
treat children with acute leukaemia. It is therefore imperative that all
stomatologists be aware of dental problems that occur in leukaemia in order
to be able to effectively carry out appropriate measures to mitigate these
problems.
Keywords: oral manifestations, gingivitis, mucositis, children, acute leukaemia
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