Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 2010 Volume 138, Issue 11-12, Pages: 755-759
https://doi.org/10.2298/SARH1012755V
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Orbital dermoid and epidermoid cysts: Case study
Veselinović Dragan (Klinika za očne bolesti, Klinički centar, Niš)
Krasić Dragan (Klinika za maksilofacijalnu hirurgiju, Klinički centar, Niš)
Stefanović Ivan (Klinika za očne bolesti, Klinički centar Srbije, Beograd)
Veselinović Aleksandar (Klinika za očne bolesti, Klinički centar, Niš)
Radovanović Zoran (Centar za radiologiju, Klinički centar, Niš)
Kostić Aleksandar (Klinika za neurohirurgiju, Klinički centar, Niš)
Cvetanović Marija (Klinika za očne bolesti, Klinički centar, Niš)
Introduction. Dermoid and epidermoid cysts of the orbit belong to
choristomas, tumours that originate from the aberrant primordial tissue.
Clinically, they manifest as cystic movable formations mostly localized in
the upper temporal quadrant of the orbit. They are described as both
superficial and deep formations with most frequently slow intermittent
growth. Apart from aesthetic effects, during their growth, dermoid and
epidermoid cysts can cause disturbances in the eye motility, and in rare
cases, also an optical nerve compression syndrome. Case Outline. In this
paper, we described a child with a congenital orbital dermoid cyst localized
in the upper-nasal quadrant that was showing signs of a gradual enlargement
and progression. The computerized tomography revealed a cyst of 1.5-2.0 cm
in size. At the Maxillofacial Surgery Hospital in Niš, the dermoid cyst was
extirpated in toto after orbitotomy performed by superciliary approach.
Postoperative course was uneventful, without inflammation signs, and after
two weeks excellent functional and aesthetic effects were achieved.
Conclusion. Before the decision to treat the dermoid and epidermoid cysts
operatively, a detailed diagnostic procedure was necessary to be done in
order to locate the cyst precisely and determine its size and possible
propagation into the surrounding periorbital structures. Apart from cosmetic
indications, operative procedures are recommended in the case of cysts with
constant progressions, which cause the pressure to the eye lobe, lead to
motility disturbances and indirectly compress the optical nerve and branches
of the cranial nerves III, IV and VI.
Keywords: dermoid cyst, epidermoid cyst, orbit, clinical features, therapy
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