Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 2010 Volume 138, Issue 9-10, Pages: 557-563
https://doi.org/10.2298/SARH1010557P
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Chlorhexidine as a root canal irrigant: Antimicrobial and scanning electron microscopic evaluation
Pavlović Violeta
Živković Slavoljub
Introduction. Selection of irrigant is very important for longterm success of
root canal therapy. Objective. This study was undertaken to evaluate the
antimicrobial effects of 2% chlorhexidine digluconate solution (CHX) against
five selected microorganisms and to evaluate its efficacy in root canal
cleaning. Methods. In this study, by agar diffusion test, were evaluated
antimicrobial effects of three root canal irrigants: 5.25% NaOCl, 2.5% NaOCl
and 2% CHX. The microorganisms tested in this study were Staphylococcus
aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and
Candida albicans. A scanning electron microscope was used to evaluate root
canal cleaning ability of 5.25% NaOCl, 2.5% NaOCl, 2% CHX and 15% EDTA.
Twelve extracted single-root human teeth were divided into four groups
depending on the irrigant used during instrumentation. Mechanical preparation
was performed with Step back technique and K files. Data were analyzed
statistically by Student’s t-test. Results 5.25% NaOCl was the most effective
against all tested microorganisms. 2.5% NaOCl and 2% CHX showed antimicrobial
effects against all tested microorganisms but zones of inhibition were
smaller. The best results in root canal walls cleaning were obtained in the
group where the irrigant was 15% EDTA (score 2.33). In 5.25% NaOCl, 2.5%
NaOCl and 2% CHX groups, there was more smear layer (score 4 and 5).
Conclusion. 2% chlorhexidine digluconate showed strong antimicrobial effect
on the tested microorganisms, but was not effective in cleaning root canal
walls.
Keywords: root canal irrigation, NaOCl, chlorhexidine, smear layer
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