Issue 5, 2013
From the journal:

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics

The electrochemical behaviour of ferrocene in deep eutectic solvents based on quaternary ammonium and phosphonium salts†

Laleh Bahadori,a   Ninie Suhana Abdul Manan,b   Mohammed Harun Chakrabarti,*ac   Mohd. Ali Hashim,a   Farouq Sabri Mjalli,d   Inas Muen AlNashef,e   Mohd. Azlan Hussaina  and  Chee Tong John Lowf  

* Corresponding authors

a Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur-50603, Malaysia
E-mail: mohammedharun77@yahoo.com

b Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia

c Energy Futures Lab, Electrical Engineering Building, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, UK

d Petroleum & Chemical Engineering Department, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman

e Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, PO Box 800, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

f Electrochemical Engineering Laboratory, Energy Technology Research Group, Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK

Abstract

The electrochemical behaviour of ferrocene (Fc) is investigated in six different deep eutectic solvents (DESs) formed by means of hydrogen bonding between selected ammonium and phosphonium salts with glycerol and ethylene glycol. Combinations of cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry are employed to characterise the DESs. The reductive and oxidative potential limits are reported versus the Fc/Fc+ couple. The diffusion coefficient, D, of ferrocene in all studied DESs is found to lie between 8.49 × 10−10 and 4.22 × 10−8 cm2 s−1 (these do not change significantly with concentration). The standard rate constant for heterogeneous electron transfer across the electrode/DES interface is determined to be between 1.68 × 10−4 and 5.44 × 10−4 cm s−1 using cyclic voltammetry. These results are of the same order of magnitude as those reported for other ionic liquids in the literature.

Graphical abstract: The electrochemical behaviour of ferrocene in deep eutectic solvents based on quaternary ammonium and phosphonium salts

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Article information

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1039/C2CP43077K
Article type
Paper
Submitted
03 Sep 2012
Accepted
03 Dec 2012
First published
04 Dec 2012

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2013,15, 1707-1714

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The electrochemical behaviour of ferrocene in deep eutectic solvents based on quaternary ammonium and phosphonium salts

L. Bahadori, N. S. Abdul Manan, M. H. Chakrabarti, Mohd. A. Hashim, F. S. Mjalli, I. M. AlNashef, Mohd. A. Hussain and C. T. J. Low, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2013, 15, 1707 DOI: 10.1039/C2CP43077K

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