Hostname: page-component-7c8c6479df-27gpq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-03-28T18:53:31.046Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Cognitive Processes Underlying the Behavior Change in Cognitive Behavior Therapy with Childhood Disorders: A Review of Experimental Evidence

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 June 2009

Martine B. Powell
Affiliation:
University of Queensland, Australia
Tian P. S. Oei
Affiliation:
University of Queensland, Australia

Extract

While Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) has been widely used for treatment of childhood disorders, the process underlying the success of CBT in this area is still unclear. This paper attempts to examine empirically the above issue, using the literature from 1974 to 1989 to see whether there is support for the underlying changes in cognitive processes that are assumed to mediate the therapy. The results show that while CBT is relatively effective in treating some childhood disorders, there is little empirical evidence to support the underlying cognitive models of childhood disorders.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies 1991

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abikoff, A. (1979). Cognitive training interventions in children: review of a new approach. Journal of Learning Disabilities 12 (2), 65135.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Abikoff, H. (1985). Efficacy of cognitive training interventions in hyperactive children: a critical review. Clinical Psychology Review 5 (5), 479512.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Abikoff, H., Ganeles, D., Reiter, G., Blum, C., Foley, C. and Klein, R. (1988). Cognitive training in academically deficient ADDH boys receiving stimulant medication. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 16 (411), 411432.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Argulewicz, E. N., Elliot, S. N. and Spencer, D. (1982). Application of a cognitive-behavioral intervention for improving classroom attention. School Psychology Review 11 (90), 9095.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Asarnow, J. R. and Carlson, G. A. (1988). Childhood depression: five-year outcome following combined cognitive-behavior therapy and pharmacotherapy. American Journal of Psychotherapy 42 (456), 456464.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baker, S. B., Thomas, R. N. and Munson, W. W. (1983). Effects of cognitive restructuring and structured group discussion as primary prevention strategies. School Counselor 31 (26), 2633.Google Scholar
Bankart, C. P. and Bankart, B. B. (1983). The use of song lyrics to alleviate a child's fears. Child and Family Behavior Therapy 5 (81), 8183.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bell, C. R., Mundy, P. and Quay, H. C. (1983). Modifying impulsive responding in conduct-disordered institutionalized boys. Psychological Reports 52 (307), 307310.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Berry, J., Demgen, M., Hardy, R. E. and Wicklund, C. (1982). Implementing the eliminating self-defeating behavior theory in group home treatment. Personnel and Guidance Journal 60 (571), 571573.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, R. T., Wynne, M. E., Borden, K. A., Clingerman, S. R., Geniesse, R. and Spunt, A. L. (1986a). Methylphenidate and cognitive therapy in children with attention deficit disorder: a double-blind trial. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics 7 (163), 163170.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brown, R. T., Borden, K. A.Wynne, M. E., Schlesser, T. and Clingerman, S. R. (1986b). Methylphenidate and cognitive therapy with ADD children: a methodological reconsideration. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 14 (481), 481497.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brown, R. T., Wynne, M. C. and Medensis, R. (1985). Methylphenidate and cognitive therapy: a comparison of treatment approaches with hyperactive boys. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 13 (69), 6987.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bryant, L. E. and Budd, K. S. (1982). Self-instructional training to increase independent work performance in pre-schoolers. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 15 (259), 259271.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Childress, A. R., McLellan, A. T. and O'Brien, C. P. (1984). Measurement and extinction of conditional withdrawal-like responses in opiate dependent patients. National Institute on Drug Abuse Research Monograph Series 49, 212212.Google Scholar
Chiodo, J. and Maddux, J. E. (1985). A cognitive and behavioral approach to anxiety management of retarded individuals: two case studies. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychotherapy 2 (16), 1620.Google Scholar
Clark, D. A. (1988). The validity of measures of cognition: a review of the literature. Cognitive Therapy and Research 10, 11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Copeland, A. P. and Hammel, R. (1981). Subject variables in cognitive self-instructional training. Cognitive Therapy and Research 5 (405), 405420.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cormier, W. H. and Cormier, C. S. (1979). Interviewing Strategies for Helpers. Monterey, California: Brooks/Cole.Google Scholar
Cotugno, A. J. (1987). Cognitive control therapy in the treatment of an 8-year-old enuretic boy. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychotherapy 4 (101), 101106.Google Scholar
Craighead, W. E., Meyers, A. W. and Craighead, L. W. (1985). A conceptual model for cognitive behavior therapy with children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 13, 331331.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dahlquist, L. M., Gil, K. M., Armstrong, D., Ginsberg, A. and Jones, B. B. (1985). Behavioral management of children's distress during chemotherapy. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry 16 (325), 325329.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dubow, E. F., Huesmann, L. R. and Eron, L. D. (1987). Mitigating aggression and prompting prosocial behaviour in aggressive elementary schoolboys. Behaviour Research and Therapy 25 (527), 527531.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eastman, B. G. and Rasbury, W. C. (1981). Cognitive self-instruction for the control of impulsive classroom behavior: ensuring the treatment package. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 9 (381), 381387.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fassler, D. (1985). The fear of needles in children. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 55 (371), 371377.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Free, M. and Oei, T. P. S. (1989). Biological and psychological processes in the treatment and maintenance of depression. Clinical Psychology Review 9, 653653.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garrison, S. R. and Stolberg, A. L. (1983). Modification of anger in children by affective imagery training. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 11 (115), 115129.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Graziano, A. M. (1978). Behavior therapy. In Wolman, B. B. and Ross, A. O. (Eds). Handbook of Treatment of Mental Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall Inc.Google Scholar
Graziano, A. M., Mooney, K. C. and Ignasiak, D. (1979). Self-control instructions for children's fear reduction. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry 10, 221221.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gresham, F. M. (1985). Utility of cognitive-behavioral procedures for social skills training with children: a critical review. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 13 (411), 411423.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harris, K. R. (1985). Conceptual, methodological and clinical issues in cognitive-behavioral assessment. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 13 (373), 373390.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harris, K. R. and Brown, R. D. (1982). Cognitive behavior modification and informed teacher treatments for shy children. Journal of Experimental Education 50 (137), 137143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hinshaw, S. P., Henker, B. and Whalen, C. K. (1984a). Self-control in hyperactive boys in anger-inducing situations: effects of cognitive-behavioral training and of methylphenidate. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 12 (55), 5577.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hinshaw, S. P., Henker, B. and Whalen, C. L. (1984b). Cognitive-behavioral and pharmacologic interventions for hyperactive boys: comparative and combined effects. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 52 (739), 739749.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hobbs, S. A., Moguin, L. E., Tyroler, M. and Lahey, B. B. (1980). Cognitive behavior therapy with children: has clinical utility been demonstrated? Psychological Bulletin 87 (147), 147165.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hogg, C., Callais, M. and Pellegrini, D. S. (1986). Treatment of a 7-year old hyperactive boy with educational problems. Behavioural Psychotherapy 14 (145), 145161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holmes, C. S. (1981). Reflective training and causal attributions in impulsive mildly retarded children. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology 10 (194), 194199.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horn, W. F., Ialongo, N., Popovich, S. and Peradotto, D. (1987). Behavioral parent training and cognitive-behavioral self-control therapy with ADDH children: comparative and combined effects. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology 16 (57), 5768.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hughes, J. N. and Sullivan, K. A. (1988). Outcome assessment in social skills training with children. Journal of School Psychology 26 (167), 167183.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jay, S. M., Elliott, C. H., Katz, E. and Siegal, S. E. (1987). Cognitive-behavioral and pharmacological interventions for children's distress during painful medical procedures. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 55 (860), 860865.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Johnson, E. III, and Myers, T. (1967). The development and use of Primary Affective Scale. Naval Medical Research Institute Report 67, 1.Google Scholar
Kazdin, A. E. (undated). Client expectancy for change. Unpublished survey. The Pennsylvania State University.Google Scholar
Kazdin, A. E. (1979). Advances in child behavior therapy. In Pfeiffer, S. I. (Ed). Clinical Child Psychology: Introduction to Theory, Research and Practice. Orlando: Grune & Stratton, Inc.Google Scholar
Kazdin, A. E., Esveldt-Dawson, K., French, N. H. and Unis, A. S. (1987a). Problem-solving skills training and relationship therapy in the treatment of antisocial child behavior. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 55 (76), 7685.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kazdin, A. E., Esveldt-Dawson, K., French, N. H. and Unis, A. S. (1987b). Effects of parent management training and problem-solving skills training combined in the treatment of antisocial child behavior. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 26 (416), 416424.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kellerman, J. (1981). Hypnosis as an adjunct to thought-stopping and covert reinforcement in the treatment of homicidal obsessions in a twelve-year old boy. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis 29 (128), 128135.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kendall, P. C. (1981a). Assessment and cognitive-behavioral interventions: purposes, proposals and problems. In Kendall, P. C. and Hollon, S. D. (Eds). Assessment Strategies for Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Kendall, P. C. (1981b). One-year follow-up of concrete versus conceptual cognitive-behavioral self-control training. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 49 (748), 748749.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kendall, P. C. (1982). Individual versus group control cognitive behavioral self-control training: 1-year follow-up. Behavior Therapy 13 (241), 241247.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kendall, P. C. (1985). Toward a cognitive-behavioral model of child psychopathology and critique of related interventions. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 13 (357), 357372.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kendall, P. C. and Braswell, L. (1982). Cognitive-behavioral self-control therapy for children: a components analysis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 50 (672), 672689.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kendall, P. C., Pellegrini, D. S. and Urbain, E. S. (1981). Approaches to assessment for cognitive-behavioral interventions in children. In Kendall, P. C. and Hollon, S. D. (Eds). Assessment Strategies for Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Kendall, P. C. and Wilcox, L. E. (1980). Cognitive-behavioral treatment for impulsivity: concrete versus conceptual training in non-self-controlled problem children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 48 (80), 8091.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kettlewell, P. W. and Kausch, D. F. (1983). The generalization of the effects of a cognitive-behavioral treatment program for aggressive children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 11 (101), 101114.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kneedler, R. D. (1980). The Use of Cognitive Training to Change Social Behaviors. Exceptional Education Quarterly 1, (1), 6573.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kolko, D. J. (1986). Social-cognitive skilled training with a sexually abused and abusive child psychiatric patient: training, generalization and follow-up. Journal of Family Violence 1 (149), 149165.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Konstantareas, M. M. and Homatidis, S. (1983). Effectiveness of cognitive mediation and behavior modification with hospitalized hyperactives. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 28 (462), 462470.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lahey, B. B. and Strauss, C. C. (1982). Some considerations in evaluating the clinical utility of cognitive-behavior therapy with children. School Psychology Review 11 (67), 6774.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ledwidge, B. (1978). Cognitive behavior modification: a step in the wrong direction? Psychological Bulletin 85 (353), 353375.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leon, J. A. and Pepe, H. J. (1983). Self-instructional training: cognitive behavior modification for remediating arithmetic deficits. Exceptional Children 50 (1) 5460.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lochman, J. E. (1985). Effects of different treatment lengths in cognitive behavioral interventions with aggressive boys. Child Psychiatry and Human Development 16 (45), 4556.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lochman, J. E., Burch, P. R., Curry, J. F. and Lampron, L. B. (1984). Treatment and generalization effects of cognitive-behavioral and goal-setting interventions with aggressive boys. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 52 (915), 915916.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lochman, J. E. and Curry, J. F. (1986). Effects of social problem-solving training and self-instruction training with aggressive boys. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology 15 (159), 159164.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lochman, J. E., Lampron, L. B., Burch, P. R. and Curry, J. F. (1985). Client characteristics associated with behavior change for treated and untreated aggressive boys. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 13 (527), 527538.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lochman, J. E. and Lampron, L. B. (1988). Cognitive-behavioral interventions for aggressive boys: 7-month follow-up effects. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychotherapy 5 (15), 1523.Google Scholar
Lochman, J. E., Nelson, W. M. and Sims, J. P. (1981). A cognitive-behavioral program for use with aggressive children. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology 10 (146), 146148.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lotecka, L. and MacWhinney, M. (1983). Enhancing decision behavior in high school “smokers”. International Journal of the Addictions 18 (479), 479490.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mansdorf, I. J. and Lukens, E. (1987). Cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy for separation anxious children exhibiting school phobia. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 26 (222), 222225.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McAdam, E. K. (1986). Cognitive therapy and its application with adolescents. Journal of Adolescence 9 (1), 115.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McGrath, P. A. and deVeber, L. C. (1986). The management of acute pain evoked by medical procedures in children with cancer. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 1 (145), 145150.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McKinney, J. P. and Haskins, R. (1980). Cognitive training and the development of problem-solving strategies. Exceptional Education Quarterly 1 (41), 4151.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meichenbaum, D. and Cameron, R. (1981). Issues in cognitive assessment: an overview. In Mereuzzi, T. V., Class, C. R. and Genest, M. (Eds). Cognitive Assessment. New York: The Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Nocella, J. and Kaplan, R. M. (1982). Training children to cope with dental treatment. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 7 (175), 175178.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Oei, T. P. S., Duckham, S. and Free, M. (1989). Does cognitive behavior therapy support the cognitive models of depression? Behavior Change 6, 7070.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oei, T. P. S., Lim, B. and Young, R. M. (1989). The efficacy of cognitive-behavior therapy in the treatment of problem drinking. National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre Monograph 7, 1313.Google Scholar
Oei, T. P. S., Buntine, S. and Free, M. (1990). Cognitive Behavior Therapy: does it support cognitive models of depression? Manuscript submitted for publication.Google Scholar
Ownby, R. L. (1983). A cognitive behavioral intervention for compulsive hand-washing with a thirteen-year old boy. Psychology in the Schools 20, 219219.3.0.CO;2-H>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pearl, R. (1985). Cognitive-behavioral interventions for increasing motivation. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 13 (443), 443454.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Peterson, L. and Shigetoni, C. (1981). The use of a self-control procedure to minimize anxiety in hospitalized children. Behavior Therapy 12, 11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Piers, E. V. and Harris, D. B. (1969). The Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale. Nashville: Counselor Recordings and Tests.Google Scholar
Reeve, R. A. and Brown, A. L. (1985). Metacognition reconsidered: implications for intervention research. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 13 (343), 343356.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rosen, L. A., O'Leary, S. G. and Conway, G. (1985). The withdrawal of stimulant medication for hyperactivity: overcoming detrimental attributions. Behavior Therapy 16 (538), 538544.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Santostefano, S. (1981). Cognitive control therapy: for the disabled child. Academic Psychology Bulletin 3 (217), 217228.Google Scholar
Schinke, S. P. and Blythe, B. J. (1981). Cognitive-behavioral prevention of children's smoking. Child Behavior Therapy 3 (25), 2542.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Swanson, H. L. (1985). Effects of cognitive-behavioral training on emotionally disturbed children's academic performance. Cognitive Therapy and Research 9 (201), 201216.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sweeney, G. A. and Horan, J. J. (1982). Separate and combined effects of cue-controlled relaxation and cognitive restructuring in the treatment of musical performance anxiety. Journal of Counseling Psychology 29 (486), 486497.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Urbain, E. S. and Kendall, P. C. (1980). Review of social-cognitive problem-solving interventions with children. Psychological Bulletin 88 (109), 109143.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Walker, L. (1982). Coping with drug abuse by children of the wealthy: a new high-risk group. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care 20 (65), 6568.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Whalen, C. K., Henker, B. and Hinshaw, S. P. (1985). Cognitive-behavioral therapies for hyperactive children: premises, problems and prospects. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 13 (391), 391410.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Willmuth, M. E. (1988). Cognitive-behavioral and insight-oriented psychotherapy of an eleven-year old boy with compulsive disorder. American Journal of Psychotherapy 42 (472), 472478.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Woods, S. J. (1986). Hypnosis as a means of achieving cognitive modification in the treatment of academic anxiety. III. Australian Journal of Clinical Hypnotherapy and Hypnosis 7 (106), 106121.Google Scholar
Wong, B. Y. L. (1985). Issues in cognitive-behavioral interventions in academic skill areas. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 13 (425), 425442.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yellin, A. M., Kendall, P. C. and Greenberg, L. M. (1981). Cognitive-behavioral therapy and methylphidate with hyperactive children: preliminary comparisons. Research Communications in Psychology, Psychiatry and Behavior 6 (212), 212227.Google Scholar
Zakay, D., Bar-El, Z. and Kreitler, S. (1984). Cognitive orientation and changing the impulsivity of children. British Journal of Educational Psychology 54 (40), 4050.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Submit a response

Comments

No Comments have been published for this article.