Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-qsmjn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-23T08:12:51.200Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Informed Trading around Stock Split Announcements: Evidence from the Option Market

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 March 2017

Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Prior research shows that splitting firms earn positive abnormal returns and that they experience an increase in stock return volatility. By examining option-implied volatility, we assess option traders’ perceptions on return and volatility changes arising from stock splits. We find that they do expect higher volatility following splits. There is only weak evidence, though, of option traders anticipating an abnormal increase in stock prices. We also show that our option measures can predict both stock volatility levels and changes after the announcement. However, there is little evidence that they can predict the returns of splitting firms.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Michael G. Foster School of Business, University of Washington 2017 

Footnotes

1

We gratefully acknowledge the helpful comments of seminar participants at Monash University and RMIT University and of conference participants at the 2014 Australasian Finance and Banking Conference, the 2015 European Financial Management Association Conference, the 2014 Multinational Finance Society Conference, the 2015 New Zealand Finance Colloquium, and the 2015 Paul Woolley Centre Conference at the University of Technology Sydney. We are especially grateful to Turan Bali (associate editor and the referee) and Paul Malatesta (the editor) for many helpful comments and suggestions.

References

Abarbanell, J. S.; Bushee, B. J.; and Raedy, J. S.. “Institutional Investor Preferences and Price Pressure: The Case of Corporate Spin-Offs.” Journal of Business, 76 (2003), 233261.Google Scholar
An, B. J.; Ang, A.; Bali, T. G.; and Cakici, N.. “The Joint Cross Section of Stocks and Options.” Journal of Finance, 69 (2014), 22792337.Google Scholar
Anand, A., and Chakravarty, S.. “Stealth Trading in Options Markets.” Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 42 (2007), 167188.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Atilgan, Y.Volatility Spreads and Earnings Announcement Returns.” Journal of Banking and Finance, 38 (2014), 205215.Google Scholar
Bali, T. G., and Hovakimian, A.. “Volatility Spreads and Expected Stock Returns.” Management Science, 55 (2009), 17971812.Google Scholar
Black, F.Fact and Fantasy in the Use of Options.” Financial Analysts Journal, 31 (1975), 3641, 61–72.Google Scholar
Bodnaruk, A.; Massa, M.; and Simonov, A.. “Investment Banks as Insiders and the Market for Corporate Control.” Review of Financial Studies, 22 (2009), 49895026.Google Scholar
Boehme, R. D., and Danielsen, B. R.. “Stock Split Post-Announcement Returns: Underreaction or Market Friction.” Financial Review, 42 (2007), 485506.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bollen, N., and Whaley, R.. “Does Net Buying Pressure Affect the Shape of Implied Volatility Functions?Journal of Finance, 59 (2004), 711753.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Byun, J., and Rozeff, M. S.. “Long-Run Performance after Stock Splits: 1927 to 1996.” Journal of Finance, 58 (2003), 10631085.Google Scholar
Chan, K.; Ge, L.; and Lin, T. C.. “Informational Content of Options Trading on Acquirer Announcement Return.” Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 50 (2015), 10571082.Google Scholar
Chen, H.; Nguyen, H. H.; and Singal, V.. “The Information Content of Splits.” Journal of Banking and Finance, 35 (2011), 24542467.Google Scholar
Chern, K. H.; Tandon, K.; Yu, S.; and Webb, G.. “The Information Content of Stock Split Announcements: Do Options Matter?Journal of Banking and Finance, 32 (2008), 930946.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cox, J. C.; Ross, S. A.; and Rubinstein, M.. “Option Pricing: A Simplified Approach.” Journal of Financial Economics, 7 (1979), 229263.Google Scholar
Cremers, M., and Weinbaum, D.. “Deviations from Put-Call Parity and Stock Return Predictability.” Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 45 (2010), 335367.Google Scholar
Dennis, P., and Strickland, D.. “The Effect of Stock Splits on Liquidity and Excess Returns: Evidence from Shareholder Ownership Concentrations.” Journal of Financial Research, 26 (2003), 355370.Google Scholar
Desai, H., and Jain, P. C.. “Long-Run Common Stock Returns Following Stock Splits and Reverse Splits.” Journal of Business, 70 (1997), 409433.Google Scholar
Diavatopoulos, D.; Doran, J. S.; Fodor, A.; and Peterson, D. R.. “The Information Content of Implied Skewness and Kurtosis Changes Prior to Earnings Announcements for Stock and Option Returns.” Journal of Banking and Finance, 36 (2012), 786802.Google Scholar
Doran, J.; Peterson, D.; and Tarrant, B.. “Is There Information in the Volatility Skew?Journal of Futures Markets, 27 (2007), 921960.Google Scholar
Dravid, A. R.A Note on the Behavior of Stock Returns around Ex-Dates of Stock Distributions.” Journal of Finance, 42 (1987), 163168.Google Scholar
Easley, D.; O’Hara, M.; and Srinivas, P. S.. “Option Volume and Stock Prices: Evidence on Where Informed Traders Trade.” Journal of Finance, 53 (1998), 431465.Google Scholar
Engelberg, J. E.; Reed, A. V.; and Ringgenberg, M. C.. “How Are Shorts Informed? Short Sellers, News, and Information Processing.” Journal of Financial Economics, 105 (2012), 250278.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
French, D., and Dubofsky, D.. “Stock Splits and Implied Stock Price Volatility.” Journal of Portfolio Management, 12 (1986), 5559.Google Scholar
Garleanu, N.; Pedersen, L.; and Poteshman, A.. “Demand-Based Option Pricing.” Review of Financial Studies, 22 (2009), 42594299.Google Scholar
Grinblatt, M. S.; Masulis, R. W.; and Titman, S.. “The Valuation Effects of Stock Splits and Stock Dividends.” Journal of Financial Economics, 13 (1984), 461490.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayunga, D., and Lung, P.. “Trading in the Option Market around the Financial Analysts’ Consensus Revision.” Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 49 (2014), 725747.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ikenberry, D. L., and Ramnath, S.. “Underreaction to Self-Selected News Events: The Case of Stock Splits.” Review of Financial Studies, 15 (2002), 489526.Google Scholar
Ikenberry, D. L.; Rankine, G.; and Stice, E. K.. “What Do Stock Splits Really Signal?Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 31 (1996), 357375.Google Scholar
Ivashina, V., and Sun, Z.. “Institutional Stock Trading and Loan Market Information.” Journal of Financial Economics, 100 (2011), 284303.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jin, W.; Livnat, J.; and Zhang, Y.. “Option Prices Leading Equity Prices: Do Option Traders Have an Information Advantage?Journal of Accounting Research, 50 (2012), 401432.Google Scholar
Johnson, T. L., and So, E. C.. “The Option to Stock Volume Ratio and Future Returns.” Journal of Financial Economics, 106 (2012), 262286.Google Scholar
Karpoff, J. M., and Lou, X.. “Short Sellers and Financial Misconduct.” Journal of Finance, 65 (2010), 18791913.Google Scholar
Koski, J.Measurement Effects and the Variance of Returns after Stock Splits and Stock Dividends.” Review of Financial Studies, 11 (1998), 143162.Google Scholar
Lin, T. C., and Lu, X.. “Why Do Option Prices Predict Stock Returns? Evidence from Analyst Tipping.” Journal of Banking and Finance, 52 (2015), 1728.Google Scholar
Lin, J. C.; Singh, A. K.; and Yu, W.. “Stock Splits, Trading Continuity, and the Cost of Equity Capital.” Journal of Financial Economics, 93 (2009), 474489.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lung, P. P., and Xu, P.. “Tipping and Option Trading.” Financial Management, 43 (2014), 671701.Google Scholar
Massoud, N.; Nandy, D.; Saunders, A.; and Song, K.. “Do Hedge Funds Trade on Private Information? Evidence from Syndicated Lending and Short-Selling.” Journal of Financial Economics, 99 (2011), 477499.Google Scholar
Mukherji, S.; Kim, Y. H.; and Walker, M. C.. “The Effect of Stock Splits on the Ownership Structure of Firms.” Journal of Corporate Finance, 3 (1997), 167188.Google Scholar
Ohlson, J., and Penman, S.. “Volatility Increases Subsequent to Stock Splits: An Empirical Aberration.” Journal of Financial Economics, 14 (1985), 251266.Google Scholar
Reilly, F. K., and Gustavson, S. G.. “Investing in Options on Stocks Announcing Splits.” Financial Review, 20 (1985), 121142.Google Scholar
Roll, R.; Schwartz, E.; and Subrahmanyam, A.. “O/S: The Relative Trading Activity in Options and Stocks.” Journal of Financial Economics, 96 (2010), 117.Google Scholar
Sheikh, A. M.Stock Splits, Volatility Increases, and Implied Volatilities.” Journal of Finance, 44 (1989), 13611372.Google Scholar
Xing, Y.; Zhang, X.; and Zhao, R.. “What Does the Individual Option Volatility Smirk Tell Us About Future Equity Returns?Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 45 (2010), 641662.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Gharghori supplementary material

Gharghori supplementary material

Download Gharghori supplementary material(File)
File 381.3 KB