Elsevier

Physica B: Condensed Matter

Volume 441, 15 May 2014, Pages 21-27
Physica B: Condensed Matter

Nature of crystalline particle assembly in ring shaped colloidal stains from concentrated dispersions

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2014.01.020Get rights and content

Abstract

The drying of colloidal droplet suspensions is important in many realms of practical application and has sustained the interest of researchers over two decades. The arrangements of polystyrene and silica beads, both of diameter 1 μm, 10% by volume of solid deposited on normal glass (hydrophilic), and silicone (hydrophobic) surfaces evaporated from a suspension volume of 3 μL, were investigated. Doughnut shape depositions were found, imputing the influence of strong central circulation flows that resulted in three general regions. In the central region which had strong particle build-up, the top most layers of particle arrangement was confirmed to be disordered using power spectrum and radial distribution function analysis. On closer examination, this appeared more like frustrated attempts to crystallize into larger grains rather than beads arranging in a disordered fashion throughout the piling process. With an adapted micro-bulldozing operation to progressively remove layers of particles from the heap, we found that the later efforts to crystallize through lateral capillary inter-particle forces were liable to be undone once the particles contacted the disorganized particles underneath, which were formed out of the jamming of fast particles arriving at the surface.

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      More importantly, SEM does not provide the height information required to quantify roughness while AFM is less ideal for these highly roughened surfaces where height can vary by over 20 μm. Optical profilometry was thus selected to address these issues and is ideally suited for the micrometer range samples in our study [31–33]. More importantly, it is able to provide the critical depth information while also sampling from a large, 2D surface area to generate a 3D micrograph of the PBTh film.

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