ResearchReviewSubstitution of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages with Other Beverage Alternatives: A Review of Long-Term Health Outcomes
Section snippets
Systematic Literature Search
Electronic searches were conducted in Cochrane library, Embase, PubMed, Medline, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science from inception to November 2013 using key words to identify all prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining associations between substitutions of beverage alternatives for SSBs and long-term health outcomes in both children and adults. Two main search terms: sugar-sweetened beverages (calorie-containing sweetened beverages, sugary drinks, soft
Study Selection
A total of 443 citations were identified from the literature search and an additional 27 citations were identified from searches of reference lists and Internet search engines. Of these, 155 citations were excluded as duplicates and 264 citations were excluded following the screening of titles and abstracts for relevance. As a result, 51 citations were assessed for eligibility based on full-text articles. A further 41 citations were excluded after screening the full-text articles. Subsequently,
Discussion
The present review expands the scientific literature on reducing SSB consumption and curbing its associated health outcomes. Previous reviews have focused mainly on the exploration of causal links between SSB consumption and health outcomes. Our study represents the first systematic review investigating whether substitution of SSBs with beverage alternatives has beneficial effects on long-term health outcomes. The available evidence suggests a favorable effect of replacing SSBs with low-calorie
Conclusions
The overall consensus of our review was that SSB substitution with beverage alternatives such as water and low-calorie beverages may have beneficial effects on long-term body weight management. The evidence of beverage substitution on other health outcomes is currently insufficient to draw conclusions. The optimal beverage alternative to SSBs has not yet been determined and may vary according to age group and/or disease outcome. For instance, coffee/tea may be a suitable alternative to SSBs for
M. Zheng is a PhD candidate, School of Molecular Bioscience, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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M. Zheng is a PhD candidate, School of Molecular Bioscience, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
M. Allman-Farinelli is a professor of dietetics, School of Molecular Bioscience, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
A. Rangan is a senior lecturer, School of Molecular Bioscience, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
B. L. Heitmann is a professor of nutrition epidemiology, Research Unit for Dietary Studies, Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospitals, the Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark, the National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, and The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise, and Eating Disorders, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
STATEMENT OF POTENTIAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST No conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
FUNDING/SUPPORT There is no funding to disclose.