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Outstanding Mild Wear Performance of Ti–29Nb–14Ta–4.5Zr Alloy Through Subsurface Grain Refinement and Supporting Effect of Transformation Induced Plasticity

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Abstract

The tribological performance of Ti–29Nb–14Ta–4.5Zr alloy against Ti–6Al–4V ELI was investigated for the mild condition, emphasized on the superficial changes and changes underneath the wear track. The results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that TiO2, Nb2O, Ta2O and Zr2O oxides aggregated to form a protective tribo-layer, which effectively prevented further superficial damages. Development of fine-grain layer and the occurrence of phase transformation of β → α’’/ω were characterized as the main wear-induced evolution of the subsurface layer. The wear-induced transformation increases the hardenability of the subsurface layer, effectively support the worn surface and prevent premature cracking. These phenomenal evolutions were led to a simultaneous increase in the strength and ductility and subsequently wear loss reduction in comparison to the Ti64 ELI.

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Acknowledgements

This work was partly supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport of the Czech Republic, Program NPU1, Project No. LO1207. Deakin University’s Advanced Characterization Facility is acknowledged for use of the electron microscopy instruments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hot Deformation & Thermo-mechanical Processing Laboratory of High Performance Engineering Materials, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

    Farahnaz Haftlang, Abbas Zarei-Hanzaki & Hamid Reza Abedi

  2. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Czech Technical University, Karlovo Náměstí 13, 121 35, Prague 2, Czech Republic

    Joraslov Málek

  3. Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia

    Ehsan Farabi & Hossein Beladi

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  1. Farahnaz Haftlang
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  2. Abbas Zarei-Hanzaki
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Correspondence to Abbas Zarei-Hanzaki.

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Haftlang, F., Zarei-Hanzaki, A., Abedi, H.R. et al. Outstanding Mild Wear Performance of Ti–29Nb–14Ta–4.5Zr Alloy Through Subsurface Grain Refinement and Supporting Effect of Transformation Induced Plasticity. Met. Mater. Int. 26, 467–476 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-019-00344-w

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