Abstract
Constitutive models based on non-associated flow rule enable the accurate description of complex anisotropy phenomena by using distinct, but relatively simple, mathematical description for yield function and plastic potential. The computational complexity of stress integration procedure may thus be significantly reduced. The amount by which this advantage is reflected to the total computation time is, however, a function of the nonlinearity of the problem at hand. The present work aims to make a systematic comparison of two different stress integration algorithms, used in conjunction to non-associated flow rule. A fully explicit and semi-implicit integration scheme are analyzed in terms of accuracy and speed. The implemented yield model is Yld2000-2d with isotropic hardening. The validity of the stress-integration approaches is assessed based on the ability to reproduce stress-ratios, r-values and tensile test results. Additionally, measured earing profiles in cup drawing experiments are compared. The fully explicit implementation shows significant advantages in terms of speed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Banabic D, Aretz H, Comsa DS, Paraianu L (2005) Theoretical plasticity of textured aggregates. Int J Plast 21:493–512
Barlat F, Aretz H, Yoon JW, Karabin ME, Brem JC, Dick RE (2005) Yielding description for solution strengthened aluminum alloys. Int J Plast 21:1009–1039
Barlat F, Becker RC, Hayashida Y, Maeda Y, Yanagawa M, Chung K, Brem JC, Lege DJ, Matsui K, Murtha SJ, Hattori S (1997) Yielding description for solution strengthened aluminum alloys. Int J Plast 13:385–401
Barlat F, Brem JC, Yoon JW, Chung K, Dick RE, Lege DJ, Pourboghrat F, Choi SH, Chu E (2003) Plane stress yield function for aluminum alloy sheets - part 1: theory. Int J Plast 19:1297– 1319
Barlat F, Lege JD, Brem JC (1991) A six-component yield function for anisotropic materials. Int J Plast 7:693–712
Barlat F, Lian J (1989) Plastic behavior and stretchability of sheet metals. part i: a yield function for orthotropic sheets under plane stress conditions. Int J Plast 5:51
Belytschko T, Wong BL, Chiang HY (1992) Advances in one-point quadrature shell elements. Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng 96:93–107
Bishop JFW, Hill R (1951) A theory of plastic distortion of a polycrystalline aggregate under combined stresses. Phil Mag 42:414
Bland DR (1951) The associated flow rule of plasticity. J Mech Phys Solids 6:71–78
Brunig M (1999) Numerical simulation of the large elastic-plastic deformation behavior of hydrostatic stress-sensitive solids. Int J Plast 15:1237–1264
Brunig M, Obrecht H (1999) Finite elastic-plastic deformation behavior of crystalline solids based on a non-associated macroscopic flow rule. Int J Plast 14:1189–1208
Casey J, Sullivan TD (1985) Pressure dependency, strength-differential effect, and plastic volume expansion in metals. Int J Plast 1:39–61
Cazacu O, Flunkett B, Barlat F (2006) Orthotropic yield criterion for hexagonal closed packed metals. Int J Plast 22:1171– 1194
Cazacu O, Ionescu IR, Yoon JW (2010) Orthotropic strain rate potential for the description of anisotropy in tension and compression of metals. Int J Plast 26:887–904
Drucker DC A more fundamental approach to plastic stress-strain relations. Proceedings of the First US National Congress of Applied Mechanics 1951, :487–491
Drucker DC (1959) A definition of stable inelastic material. J Appl Mech 26:101–106
Drucker DC (1964) On the postulate of stability of material in the mechanics of continua. J Mech 3:235–249
Hill R (1948) A theory of the yielding and plastic flow of anisotropic metals. Proc R Soc Lond 193:281
Hill R (1979) Theoretical plasticity of textured aggregates. Math Proc Camb 85:179–191
Li M, Richmond O (1997) Intrinsic instability and nonuniformity of plastic deformation. Int J Plast 8-9:765–784
Ortiz M, Simo JC (1986) An analysis of a new class of integration algorithms for elastoplastic constitutive relations. Int J Numer Methods Eng 23:353–366
Park T, Chung K (2012) Non-associated flow rule with symmetric stiffness modulus for isotropic-kinematic hardening and its application for earing in circular cup drawing. Int J Solids Struct 49:3582–3593
Paulino M, Yoon JW (2015) Study on yield function and plastic potential under non-associated flow for accurate prediction in cup drawing. Seel Research International 86:852–860
Safaei M, Yoon JW, Waele WD (2014) Study on the definition of equivalent plastic strain under non-associated flow rule for finite element formulation. Int J Plast 58:219–238
Spitzig WA, Richmond O (1984) The effect of pressure on the flow stress of metals. Acta Metallurgica 32:457–463
Stoughton TB (2002) A non-associated flow rule for sheet metal forming. Int J Plast 18:687–714
Stoughton TB, Yoon JW (2004) A pressure-sensitive yield criterion under a non-associated flow rule for sheet metal forming. Int J Plast 20:705–731
Stoughton TB, Yoon JW (2006) Review of drucker’s postulate and the issue of plastic stability in metal forming. Int J Plast 22:391–433
Stoughton TB, Yoon JW (2008) On the existence of indeterminate solutions to the equations of motion under non-associated flow. Int J Plast 24:583–613
Yoon JH, Cazacu O, Yoon JW, Dick RE (2010) Earing predictions for strongly textured aluminium sheets. Int J Mech Sci 52:1563–1578
Yoon JW, Barlat F, Chung K, Pourboghrat F, Yang DY (2000) Earing predictions based on asymmetric nonquadratic yield function. Int J Plast 16:1075–1104
Yoon JW, Barlat F, Dick RE, Karabin ME (2004) Plane stress yield function for aluminum alloy sheets - part ii: Fe formulation and its implementation. Int J Plast 20:495–522
Yoon JW, Barlat F, Dick RE, Karabin ME (2006) Prediction of six or eight ears in a drawn cup based on a new anisotropic yield function. Int J Plast 22:174–193
Yoon JW, Dick RE, Barlat F (2011) A new analytical theory for earing generated from anisotropic plasticity. Int J Plast 27:1165–1184
Yoon JW, Lou Y, Yoon J, Glazoff MV (2014) Asymmetric yield function based on the stress invariants for pressure sensitive metals. Int J Plast 56:184–202
Yoon JW, Stoughton TB, Dick RE (2007) Earing prediction in cup drawing based on non-associated flow rule. AIP Conference Proceedings: Proceedings of ’Materials Processing and Design: Modeling, Simulation and Applications’
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interests
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hippke, H., Manopulo, N., Yoon, J.W. et al. On the efficiency and accuracy of stress integration algorithms for constitutive models based on non-associated flow rule. Int J Mater Form 11, 239–246 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12289-017-1347-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12289-017-1347-6