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Off-line two-dimensional liquid chromatography for metabolomics: an example using Agaricus bisporus mushrooms exposed to UV irradiation

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Abstract

It has previously been shown that irradiation with UV light increases the vitamin D content of certain mushroom species, but the effect on other nutrients is unknown, and is difficult to assess due to the complexity of the sample matrix. Here, an offline reversed phase × reversed phase two-dimensional liquid chromatography methodology was developed and applied to Agaricus bisporus mushrooms in order to demonstrate the potential of the technique and assess the effect of UV irradiation on the mushroom’s metabolic profile. The method allowed the detection of 158 peaks in a single analytical run. A total of 51 compounds including sugars, amino acids, organic and fatty acids and phenolic compounds were identified using certified reference standards. After irradiation of the mushrooms with UV for 30 s the number of peaks detected decreased from 158 to 150; 47 compounds increased in concentration while 72 substances decreased. This is the first time that two-dimensional liquid chromatography has been carried out for the metabolomic analysis of mushrooms. The data provide an overview of the gain/loss of nutritional value of the mushrooms following UV irradiation and demonstrate that the increased peak capacity and separation space of two-dimensional liquid chromatography has great potential in metabolomics.

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Acknowledgments

One of the authors (JP) thanks RMIT University and the CSIRO for the award of a PhD scholarship awarded under the Food Futures Flagship.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Compliance with ethical requirements

This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia

    Jessica Pandohee & Oliver A. H. Jones

  2. Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia

    Paul G. Stevenson & Xavier A. Conlan

  3. CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia

    Xue-Rong Zhou

Authors
  1. Jessica Pandohee
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  2. Paul G. Stevenson
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  3. Xavier A. Conlan
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  4. Xue-Rong Zhou
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  5. Oliver A. H. Jones
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Correspondence to Oliver A. H. Jones.

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Pandohee, J., Stevenson, P.G., Conlan, X.A. et al. Off-line two-dimensional liquid chromatography for metabolomics: an example using Agaricus bisporus mushrooms exposed to UV irradiation. Metabolomics 11, 939–951 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-014-0749-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-014-0749-4

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