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Towards a comprehensive green infrastructure typology: a systematic review of approaches, methods and typologies

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Abstract

There is no consensus on a comprehensive classification for green infrastructure (GI). This is a consequence of the diversity of disciplines, application contexts, methods, terminologies, purposes and valuation criteria for which a GI typology is required. The aim of this systematic literature review is to evaluate the existing evidence on how GI is being categorised and characterised worldwide. We reviewed a total of 85 studies from 15 countries that were analysed for contextual trends, methods, parameters and typologies. Results show that relevant literature lacks a common terminology and that a universal typology for all scenarios is impractical. Analysis reveals that GI can be organised into four main GI categories: (a) tree canopy, (b) green open spaces, (c) green roofs and (d) vertical greenery systems (facades/walls). Green open spaces and tree canopy attracted the attention of researchers due to their complexity, variability and important roles in GI planning. Evidence suggests that a ternary approach in terms of the functional (purpose, use, services), structural (morphology) and configurational (spatial arrangements) attributes of GI should be applied for a more comprehensive classification. Although this approximation is inherently generic, since it can be used across different research disciplines, it is also sufficiently specific to be implemented for individual scopes, scenarios and settings. Further research is needed to develop a typology capable of responding to particular research aims and performance analyses based upon the findings discussed in this paper.

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Acknowledgments

This paper is part of an ongoing research conducted at the Australian Graduate School of Urbanism, University of New South Wales (UNSW-Australia) and the Node of Excellence – Cooperative Research Centre for Low Carbon Living (CRC-LCL). This research is possible thanks to the financial support of the Graduate Research School –UNSW (University International Postgraduate Award - UIPA) and the CRC for Low Carbon Living (Top-up scholarship). The authors sincerely thank the anonymous reviewers for their valuable suggestions and comments that contributed to improve the quality of the manuscript.

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  1. Faculty of Built Environment - UNSW; Cooperative Research Centre for Low Carbon Living (CRC-LCL), Sydney, Australia

    Carlos Bartesaghi Koc & Paul Osmond

  2. Faculty of Built Environment - UNSW, Sydney, Australia

    Alan Peters

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Bartesaghi Koc, C., Osmond, P. & Peters, A. Towards a comprehensive green infrastructure typology: a systematic review of approaches, methods and typologies. Urban Ecosyst 20, 15–35 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-016-0578-5

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