Abstract
Photonic crystals are regular three-dimensional (3D) structures with which the propagation and spontaneous emission of photons can be manipulated in new ways if the feature sizes are roughly half the wavelength and the coupling with the electromagnetic radiation is sufficiently strong. ‘Early’ speculation on these new possibilities can be found in the Refs.1–4 A more recent overview can be found in Ref.5 and, of course, the other chapters in this book. A useful analogy to guide thinking about the properties and the applications of photonic crystals is the propagation of electrons in a semiconductor in comparison to the propagation of photons scattered by a regular 3D dielectric material. An example is the possibility of opening up a region of energy, a photonic band gap, for which the propagation of photons is forbidden, in analogy to the electronic band gap present in semiconductors. However, there are also important differences; for instance, the scattering of photons cannot be described well by scalar wave equations because the polarization of light cannot be neglected. Most theoretical and experimental work for visible light applications have until now focused on pure dielectric structures, interestingly, recent calculations have shown that metallo-dielectric structures should also be considered as having very interesting photonic properties in the visible, including, if one neglects absorption, a complete band gap.6–8 And even with absorption taken into account, it seems that for relatively thin photonic crystals most of the interesting optical properties remain.8
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
V. P. Bykov, Spontaneous emission from a medium with a band spectrum, Sov. J. Quantom Electron. 4, 861 (1975).
S. John, Strong localization of photons in certain disordered dielectric superlattices, Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 2486 (1987).
E. Yablonovitch, Inhibited spontaneous emission in solid-state physics and electronics, Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 2059 (1987).
J. D. Joannopoulos, R. D. Meade, and J. N. Winn. Photonic Crystals ed., Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, (1995).
T.F. Krauss and R.M. Delarue, Photonic Crystals in the Optical Regime — Past, Present and Future, Progress in Quantum Electronics 23, 51 (1999).
A. Moroz, Three-dimensional complete photonic-band-gap structures in the visible, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 5274 (1999).
A. Moroz, Photonic crystals of coated metallic spheres, Europhys. Lett. 50, 466 (2000).
W. Y. Zhang, X. Y. Lei, Z. L. Wang et al., Robust photonic band gap from tunable scatterers, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 2853 (2000).
O. D. Velev and E. W. Kaler, Structured porous materials via colloidal crystal templating: From inorganic oxides to metals, Adv. Mater. 12, 531 (2000).
W.B. Russel, D.A. Saville, and W.R. Schowalter. Colloidal Dispersions ed., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, (1995).
T. Palberg, Colloidal crystallization dynamics, Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 2, 607 (1997).
O. Pouliquen, M. Nicolas, and P. D. Weidman, Crystallization of non-Brownian spheres under horizontal shaking, Phys. Rev. Lett. 19, 3640 (1997).
A. van Blaaderen and A. Vrij, Synthesis and Characterization of Colloidal Dispersions of Fluorescent, Monodisperse Silica Spheres, Langmuir 8, 2921 (1992).
N. A. M. Verhaegh and A. van Blaaderen, Dispersions of Rhodamine-Labeled Silica Spheres — Synthesis, Characterization, and Fluorescence Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy, Langmuir 10, 1427 (1994).
A. van Blaaderen, From the de Broglie to visible wavelengths: Manipulating electrons and photons with colloids, MRS Bull. 23, 39 (1998).
F. J. Arriagada and K. Osseoasare, Synthesis of Nanometer-Sized Silica By Controlled Hydrolysis in Reverse Micellar Systems, in: Colloid Chemistry of Silica, Amer. Chemical Soc., Washington, Vol. 234, (1994).
W. K. Kegel and A. van Blaaderen, Direct observation of dynamical heterogeneities in colloidal hard-sphere suspensions, Science 287, 290 (2000).
K.P. Velikov and A. van Blaaderen, ZnS-core silica-shell colloids for photonic applications, Submitted (2000).
A. van Blaaderen, R. Ruel, and P. Wiltzius, Template-directed colloidal crystallization Nature 385, 321 (1997).
U. Dassanayake, S. Fraden, and A. van Blaaderen, Structure of electrorheological fluids, J. Chem. Phys. 112, 3851 (2000).
R. M. Amos, J. G. Rarity, P. R. Tapster et al., Fabrication of large-area face-centered-cubic hard-sphere colloidal crystals by shear alignment, Phys. Rev. E 61, 2929 (2000).
K. Visscher and S. M. Block, Versatile Optical Traps with Feedback Control, in: Methods in Enzymology, R B Vallee, ed Academic Press, San Diego, Vol. 298, (1997).
D. L. J. Vossen, T. van Dillen, M. J. A. de Dood, T. Zijlstra, E. van der Drift, A. Polman, A. van Blaaderen, Novel method for solution growth of thin silica films from tetraethoxysilane, Adv. Materials 12, 1434 (2000).
P. Jiang, J. F. Bertone, K. S. Hwang et al., Single-crystal colloidal multilayers of controlled thickness, Chem. Mat. 11, 2132 (1999).
E. Snoeks, A. van Blaaderen, T. van Dillen et al., Colloidal ellipsoids with continuously variable shape, Adv. Materials, 12, 1511 (2000).
S. Neser, C. Bechinger, P. Leiderer et al., Finite-size effects on the closest packing of hard spheres, Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2348 (1997).
S. Pronk and D. Frenkel, Can stacking faults in hard-sphere crystals anneal out spontaneously?, J. Chem. Phys. 110, 4589 (1999).
J. Aizenberg, P. V. Braun, and P. Wiltzius,Patterned colloidal deposition controlled by electrostatic and capillary forces, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 2997 (2000).
R. Tao and J. M. Sun,3-Dimensional Structure of Induced Electrorheological Solid, Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 398 (1991).
R. Tao and Q. Jiang, Simulation of Structure Formation in an Electrorheological Fluid, Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 205 (1994).
A. Ashkin, Acceleration and trapping of particles by radiation pressure, Phys. Rev. Lett. 24, 156 (1970).
A Ashkin and J M Dziedic, Optical levitation by radiation pressure, Phys. Rev. Lett. 19, 283 (1971).
D G Grier, Optical tweezers in colloid and interface science, Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 2, 264 (1997).
E. R. Dufresne and D. G. Grier, Optical tweezer arrays and optical substrates created with diffractive optics, Rev. Scient. Instr. 69, 1974 (1998).
F. Burmeister, W. Badowsky, T. Braun et al., Colloid monolayer lithography-A flexible approach for nanostructuring of surfaces, Appl. Surf. Sci. 145, 461 (1999).
P. Bartlett, R. H. Ottewill, and P. N. Pusey, Freezing of Binary-Mixtures of Colloidal Hard-Spheres J. Chem. Phys. 93, 1299 (1990).
A. Moroz and C. Sommers, Photonic band gaps of three-dimensional face-centred cubic lattices, J. Phys.-Condes. Matter 11, 997 (1999).
A. Blanco, E. Chomski, S. Grabtchak et al., Large-scale synthesis of a silicon photonic crystal with a complete three-dimensional bandgap near 1.5 micrometres Nature 405, 437 (2000).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2001 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Van Blaaderen, A. et al. (2001). Manipulating Colloidal Crystallization for Photonic Applications: From Self-Organization to Do-it-Yourself Organization. In: Soukoulis, C.M. (eds) Photonic Crystals and Light Localization in the 21st Century. NATO Science Series, vol 563. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0738-2_18
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0738-2_18
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-6948-6
Online ISBN: 978-94-010-0738-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive