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Subduction Zone Geodynamics pp 3–34Cite as

A Review of the Role of Subduction Dynamics for Regional and Global Plate Motions

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Part of the book series: Frontiers in Earth Sciences ((FRONTIERS))

Abstract

Subduction of oceanic lithosphere and deep slabs control several aspects of plate tectonics. We review models of subduction dynamics that have been studied over the last decade by means of numerical and analog experiments. Regional models indicate that trench rollback, trench curvature, and back-arc deformation may be explained by fl uid slabs that are ̃250–500 times stiffer than the upper mantle. Slab width and, more importantly, rheology determine the role of viscous bending, poloidal-sinking fl ow and toroidal-rollback stirring, and interactions of the slab with the higher viscosity lower mantle. Several of these contributions can be represented by a local sinking veloCity. Back-arc deformation may then result from an imbalance if larger-scale plate forcing leads to deviations of the convergence rate from the local equilibrium. Lateral viscosity variations (LVVs) are also key for understanding plate driving forces. The realism of global circulation computations has advanced and such models with weak zones and other LVVs have lead to an improved match to observed plate tectonic scores. Those include the correlation with plate motions, the magnitude of intraplate deformation, and oceanic to continental plate veloCity ratios. Net rotation of the lithosphere with respect to the lower mantle may be caused jointly by regional slab forcing and the stirring effect of cratonic keels. However, slab models have so far only produced net rotations that are small compared to recent hotspot reference-frame models. Progress in the next years will likely come from a better understanding of slab strength, which is still uncertain since large-scale subduction zone observables and laboratory results do not put strong constraints on slab rheology. Importantly, circulation models with an improved representation of convergent margins will help to close the gap between regional and global approaches to subduction, and to better understand the potential role of the overriding plate.

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  1. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, 3651 Trousdale Parkway, Los Angeles, CA90089-0740, USA

    Thorsten W. Becker

  2. Dip. Scienze Geologiche University “Roma TRE”, L.San Leonardo Murialdo, Rome, 1 00146, Italy

    Claudio Faccenna

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  1. Laboratoire Géosciences Montpellier, Université Montpellier 2, CNRS/INSU, CC. 60, place E. Bataillon, Montpellier cedex 5, 34095, France

    Serge Lallemand

  2. Dipartimento Scienze Geologiche, Università degli Studi «Roma TRE», Largo S. Leonardo Murialdo 1, Roma, 00146, Italy

    Francesca Funiciello

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Becker, T.W., Faccenna, C. (2009). A Review of the Role of Subduction Dynamics for Regional and Global Plate Motions. In: Lallemand, S., Funiciello, F. (eds) Subduction Zone Geodynamics. Frontiers in Earth Sciences. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87974-9_1

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