Skip to main content

Relationship Between Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Gene and Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy Among Australian Population

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Recent Advances on Soft Computing and Data Mining (SCDM 2018)

Abstract

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) gene considers a risk factor for many pathologies such as hypertensive, and diabetic nephropathy. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of ACE genotype with Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy (CAN). We used a data set for 299 participants with and without CAN, as well as with different ACE genotype. Various statistical tests have been considered. Logistic regression was applied to demonstrate the size effect of each predictor. The results revealed, there was no significant different between ACE genotype in the patients with and without CAN. Logistic regression demonstrated only Ewing battery tests as an effective predictive factors. Our investigation found ACE genotype was not a risk factor in Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy in the population of our study.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Vinik, A.I., Maser, R.E., Mitchell, B.D., and Freeman, R.: Diabetic autonomic neuropathy. Diabetes Care 26(5), 1553–1579 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Maser, R.E., Mitchell, B.D., Vinik, A.I., Freeman, R.: The association between cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy and mortality in individuals with diabetes. Diabetes Care 26(6), 1895–1901 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Maser, R.E., Lenhard, J.M., DeCherney, S.G.: Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy: the clinical significance of its determination. Endocrinologist 10(1), 27–33 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Vinik, A.I., Ziegler, D.: Diabetic cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy. Circulation 115(3), 387–397 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Schumer, M.P., Joyner, S.A., Pfeifer, M.A.: Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy testing in patients with diabetes. Diabetes Spectr. 11(4), 227 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Hazari, M.A., Khan, R.T., Reddy, B.R., Hassan, M.A.: Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus and essential hypertension in a South Indian population. Neurosciences (Riyadh) 17(2), 173–175 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  7. International Diabetes Federation: IDF Diabetes Atlas [Internet]. 6th ed. (2013). Available from: http://www.idf.org/diabetesatlas

  8. Ewing, D., Campbell, I., Clarke, B.: The natural history of diabetic autonomic neuropathy. QJM 49(1), 95–108 (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Ewing, D.J., Martyn, C.N., Young, R.J., Clarke, B.F.: The value of cardiovascular autonomic function tests: 10 years experience in diabetes. Diabetes Care 8(5), 491–498 (1985)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Tesfaye, Solomon, Boulton, A.J.M., Dyck, P.J., Freeman, R., Horowitz, M., Kempler, P., Lauria, G., et al.: Diabetic neuropathies: update on definitions, diagnostic criteria, estimation of severity, and treatments. Diabetes Care 33(10), 2285–2293 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Stranieri, A., Abawajy, J., Kelarev, A., Huda, S., Chowdhury, M., Jelinek, H.F.: An approach for ewing test selection to support the clinical assessment of cardiac autonomic neuropathy. Artif. Intell. Med. 58(3), 185–193 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Ewing, D., Campbell, I., Murray, A., Neilson, J., Clarke, B.: Immediate heart-rate response to standing: simple test for autonomic neuropathy in diabetes. Br. Med. J. 1(6106), 145–147 (1978)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Giebisch, G., Windhager, E.: Integration of Salt and Water Balance. Medical Physiology, pp. 861–876. Saunders, New York (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Crisan, D., Carr, J.: Angiotensin I-converting enzyme: genotype and disease associations. J. Mol. Diagn.: JMD 2(3), 105 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Dhar, S., Ray, S., Dutta, A., Sengupta, B., Chakrabarti, S.: Polymorphism of ACE gene as the genetic predisposition of coronary artery disease in Eastern India. Indian Heart J. 64(6), 576–581 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Tiret, L., Blanc, H., Ruidavets, J.-B., Arveiler, D., Luc, G., Jeunemaitre, X., Tichet, J., Mallet, C., Poirier, O., Plouin, P.-F.: Gene polymorphisms of the reninangiotensin system in relation to hypertension and parental history of myocardial infarction and stroke: the PEGASE study. J. Hypertens. 16(1), 37–44 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Witzel, I.-I., Jelinek, H.F., Khalaf, K., Lee, S., Khandoker, A.H., Alsafar, H.: Front. Endocrinol. 6 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Zhou, Y.-F., Yan, H., Hou, X.-P., Miao, J.-L., Zhang, J., Yin, Q.-X., Li, J.-J., Zhang, X.-Y., Li, Y.-Y., Luo, H.-L.: Association study of angiotensin converting enzyme gene polymorphism with elderly diabetic hypertension and lipids levels. Lipids Health Dis. 12(1), 187 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Cho, B.H., Yu, H., Kim, K.-W., Kim, T.H., Kim, I.Y., Kim, S.I.: Application of irregular and unbalanced data to predict diabetic nephropathy using visualization and feature selection methods. Artif. Intell. Med. 42(1), 37–53 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Simon, A.C., Holleman, F., Gude, W.T., Hoekstra, J.B., Peute, L.W., Jaspers, M.W., Peek, N.: Safety and usability evaluation of a web-based insulin self-titration system for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Artif. Intell. Med. 59(1), 23–31 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Wang, F., Fang, Q., Yu, N., Zhao, D., Zhang, Y., Wang, J., Wang, Q., Zhou, X., Cao, X., Fan, X.: Association between genetic polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme and diabetic nephropathy: a meta-analysis comprising 26,580 subjects. J. Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone Syst. 13(1), 161–174 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Bhaskar, L.V., Mahin, S., Ginila, R.T., Soundararajan, P.: Role of the ACE ID and PPARG P12A polymorphisms in genetic susceptibility of diabetic nephropathy in a South Indian population. Nephro-Urol. Mon. 5(3), 813 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Jayapalan, J.J., Muniandy, S., Chan, S.P.: Null association between ACE gene I/D polymorphism and diabetic nephropathy among multiethnic Malaysian subjects. Indian J. Hum. Genet. 16(2), 78 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Elhawary, N.A., Bogari, N., Rashad, M., Tayeb, M.T.: Null genetic risk of ACE gene polymorphisms with nephropathy in type 1 diabetes among Egyptian population. Egypt. J. Med. Hum. Genet. 12(2), 187–192 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Marzbanrad, F., Hambly, B., Ng, E., Tamayo, M., Matthews, S., Karmakar, C., Khandoker, A.H., Palaniswami, M., Jelinek, H.F.: Relationship between Heart Rate Variability and angiotensinogen gene polymorphism in diabetic and control individuals. In: 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE. Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), IEEE, pp. 6683–6686, (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Moianu, A., Blaa, R., Voidzan, S., Bajk, Z.: Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in context of other complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus. BioMed Res. Int. 2013 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Gupta, S., Agrawal, B.K., Goel, R.K., Sehajpal, P.K.: Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism in hypertensive rural population of Haryana, India. J. Emerg. Trauma Shock 2(3), 150 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Jelinek, H.F., Wilding, C., Tinely, P.: An innovative multi-disciplinary diabetes complications screening program in a rural community: a description and preliminary results of the screening. Aust. J. Prim. Health 12(1), 14–20 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Cornforth, D., Jelinek, H.: Automated classification reveals morphological factors associated with dementia. Appl. Soft Comput. 8(1), 182–190 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Purnamasari, D., Widjojo, B.D., Antono, D., Syampurnawati, M.: ACE gene polymorphism and atherosclerotic lesion of carotid artery among offsprings of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes 17, 18 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Moreira, S., Nbrega, O., Santana, H., Sales, M., Farinatti, P., Simes, H.: Impact of ACE I/D gene polymorphism on blood pressure, heart rate variability and nitric oxide responses to the aerobic exercise in hypertensive elderly. Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte (2016)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ahmad Shaker Abdalrada .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Abdalrada, A.S., Abawajy, J.H., Chowdhury, M.U., Rajasegarar, S., Al-Quraishi, T., Jelinek, H.F. (2018). Relationship Between Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Gene and Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy Among Australian Population. In: Ghazali, R., Deris, M., Nawi, N., Abawajy, J. (eds) Recent Advances on Soft Computing and Data Mining. SCDM 2018. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 700. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72550-5_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72550-5_14

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-72549-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-72550-5

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics