Abstract
Differential scanning fluorometry (DSF) is an efficient and high-throughput method to analyze protein stability, as well as detect ligand interactions through perturbations of the protein’s melting temperature. The method monitors protein unfolding by observing the fluorescence changes of a sample, whether through an environmentally sensitive fluorophore or by intrinsic protein fluorescence, while a temperature gradient is applied. Here, we describe in detail how to develop and optimize DSF assays to identify protein–ligand interactions while exploring different buffer and additive conditions. Analysis of the data and further applications of the method are also discussed.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Scott AD (2018) Chapter 8 Fluorescent thermal shift assays for identifying small molecule ligands. In: Canales A (ed) Biophysical techniques in drug discovery. The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, pp 208–238. https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788010016-00208
Simeonov A (2013) Recent developments in the use of differential scanning fluorometry in protein and small molecule discovery and characterization. Expert Opin Drug Discov 8:1071–1082. https://doi.org/10.1517/17460441.2013.806479
Teale FW, Weber G (1957) Ultraviolet fluorescence of the aromatic amino acids. Biochem J 65:476–482
Privalov PL (1979) Stability of proteins: small globular proteins. Adv Protein Chem 33:167–241
Niesen FH, Berglund H, Vedadi M (2007) The use of differential scanning fluorimetry to detect ligand interactions that promote protein stability. Nature Protocols 2:2212–2221. https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2007.321
Yang S-M et al (2018) Discovery of orally bioavailable, quinoline-based aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1) inhibitors with potent cellular activity. Journal of medicinal chemistry 61:4883–4903. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00270
Lea WA, Simeonov A (2012) Differential scanning fluorometry signatures as indicators of enzyme inhibitor mode of action: case study of glutathione S-transferase. PLoS One 7:e36219. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0036219
Senisterra G, Chau I, Vedadi M (2012) Thermal denaturation assays in chemical biology. Assay Drug Dev Technol 10:128–136. https://doi.org/10.1089/adt.2011.0390
Vandecaetsbeek I, Vangheluwe P (2016) Time-dependent protein thermostability assay. Methods Mol Biol 1377:79–85. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3179-8_9
Moggridge J, Biggar K, Dawson N, Storey KB (2017) Sensitive detection of immunoglobulin G stability using in real-time isothermal differential scanning fluorimetry: determinants of protein stability for antibody-based therapeutics. Technol Cancer Res Treat. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1533034617714149.
Svilenov H, Markoja U, Winter G (2018) Isothermal chemical denaturation as a complementary tool to overcome limitations of thermal differential scanning fluorimetry in predicting physical stability of protein formulations. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 125:106–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.01.004
Martinez NJ et al (2018) A widely-applicable high-throughput cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) using split Nano Luciferase. Scientific reports 8:9472–9472. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-27834-y
Molina DM et al (2013) Monitoring drug target engagement in cells and tissues using the cellular thermal shift assay. Science 341:84–87. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1233606
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Baljinnyam, B., Ronzetti, M., Yasgar, A., Simeonov, A. (2020). Applications of Differential Scanning Fluorometry and Related Technologies in Characterization of Protein–Ligand Interactions. In: Labrou, N. (eds) Targeting Enzymes for Pharmaceutical Development. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2089. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0163-1_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0163-1_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-0162-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-0163-1
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols